Karl Marx
Field of reference: Philosophy
Description: Man Is A Part Of Nature
“The universality of man manifests itself in practice in the universality which makes the whole of nature as his inorganic body, (1) as a direct means of life and (2) as the matter, the object and tool of his activity. Nature is man’s inorganic body, that is to say, nature is so far as it is not the human body. Man lives from nature, i.e. nature is his body, and he must maintain a continuing dialogue with it if he is not to die. To say that man’s physical and mental life is linked to nature simply means that nature is linked to itself, for man is a part of nature."
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, הטבע, 2. הטבע כמערכת |
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Gottfried Leibniz
Field of reference: Interdisciplinary
Description: Quote about integral interconnection from one of the great scientists of all times
“Reality cannot be found except in One single source, because of the interconnection of all things with one another. ... I maintain also that substances, whether material or immaterial, cannot be conceived in their bare essence without any activity, activity being of the essence of substance in general."
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, הטבע, 2. הטבע כמערכת |
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Wikipedia - Human Ecology
Field of reference: Ecology
Description: Nature takes care of everything.
“The ecosystems of planet Earth are coupled to human environments. Ecosystems regulate the global geophysical cycles of energy, climate, soil nutrients, and water that in turn support and grow natural capital (including the environmental, physiological, cognitive, cultural, and spiritual dimensions of life). Ultimately, every manufactured product in human environments comes from natural systems.[25] Ecosystems are consideredcommon-pool resources because ecosystems do not exclude beneficiaries and they can be depleted or degraded."
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, הטבע, 2. הטבע כמערכת |
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Wikipedia - Statistical mechanics / Thermodynamic free energy
Field of reference: Physics
Description: A closed physical system is governed by a single law: the second law of thermodynamics, which can be stated as the non-decreasing entropy (i.e. non-decreasing complexity) of the physical system as it progresses from state to state (i.e. evolves with time). Every physical system will fall into its minimum energy state while tend to increase its entropy, two (generally conflicting) inclinations. The ultimate system's equilibrium is a "compromise" between the two, i.e. the equilibrium state of the system minimizes the "free energy" rather than the "energy" of the physical system.
“Since the second law of thermodynamics applies to isolated systems, the first case investigated will correspond to this case. The microcanonical ensemble describes an isolated system. The entropy of such a system can only increase, so that the maximum of its entropy corresponds to an equilibrium state for the system."
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, הטבע, 2. הטבע כמערכת |
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Dr. Fritjof Capra
Field of reference: Biology, Ecology
Description: Symbiosis, is so widespread throughout the living world that it has to be considered a central aspect of life.
“Similar patterns of coordination exist in tightly knit animal societies of higher complexity. Extreme examples are the social insects - bees, wasps, ants, termites, and others - that form colonies whose members are interdependent and in such close contact that the whole system resembles a large, multicreatured organism. Bees and ants are unable to survive in isolation, but in great numbers they act almost like the cells of a complex organism with a collective intelligence and capabilities for adaptation far superior to those of its individual members. This phenomenon of animals joining up to form larger organismic systems is not limited to insects but can also be observed in several other species, including, of course, the human species. Close coordination of activities exists not only among individuals of the same species but also among different species, and again the resulting living systems have the characteristics of single organisms. Many types of organisms that were thought to represent well-defined biological species have turned out, upon close examination, to consist of two or more different species in intimate biological association. This phenomenon, known as symbiosis, is so widespread throughout the living world that it has to be considered a central aspect of life. Symbiotic relationships are mutually advantageous to the associated partners, and they involve animals, plants, and microorganisms in almost every imaginable combination. Many of these may have formed their union in the distant past and evolved toward ever more interdependence and exquisite adaptation to one another."
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, הטבע, 2. הטבע כמערכת |
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