Dr. Duncan Watts
Field of reference: Interdisciplinary
Description: The effects of networks in human society.
"...This convergence of disciplines reveals the social, transportation and technological networks that make up our world. These networks are, ultimately, made up of individuals. Individuals in turn relate back to the networks and define how they operate."
"...If graphed these networks roughly follow a classic power law trend where the level of connectivity between two nodes in a network increases dramatically as more nodes are connected. Real-world scale-free networks tend to have highly connected hubs which rapidly, purposely, and efficiently transmit pertinent or pervasive content from one location to another. In social circles, these are networkers. In the airline network these are hub airports. In traffic they would be freeway interchanges.
Due to this architecture, the Internet and modern air transport have combined to greatly decrease the role of proximity in our social networks. This has had great impacts on commerce, tourism, cultural sensitivity and other social factors. However, it has also led to great risks in the transmission of diseases, sensitivity to distant economic fluctuations, and rapid spread of misinformation.
These dynamics create a type of network that Duncan calls simultaneously robust and vulnerable. Their strength and weakness is that, with rapid transmission from cluster to cluster, anything can move quickly from one location or group to another."
http://www.cooperationcommons.com/node/388
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, תלות הדדית, 1. מערכת אינטגרלית |
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Dr. Kenneth Rogerson
Field of reference: Sociology, Technology
Description: on complex interdependence in the information age
"A well-known and respected attempt to theorize interdependence in the field of international relations is complex interdependence. In Power and Interdependence, Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye, Jr define interdependence as reciprocal effects among actors resulting from 'international transactions - flows of money, goods, people and messages across international boundaries'. Though much research has been done on the effects of interdependence on the first three, the flows of messages have been studied less often. Keohane and Nye addressed the issue in a 1998 article in Foreign Affairs, discussing changes in the global environment resulting from the information age which have had an impact on their ideas. This article proposes to go deeper into complex interdependence. The world is becoming increasingly 'information interdependent' and this essay is an attempt to apply the assumptions and concepts presented in complex interdependence to the information age. In the final analysis, complex interdependence complements research from the field of communications, that information flows should be understood as underlying mechanisms and processes that facilitate contextual understanding of issues. It maintains the integrity of the assumptions of complex interdependence, while adding an understanding of the nature of information and information flows."
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, תלות הדדית, 1. מערכת אינטגרלית |
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Wikipedia
תחום המחקר: פילוסופיה
תאור: משבר הוא לידה חדשה (מקור המילה """"משבר"""" בעברית ו-crisis ביוונית. זה אמנם דברי רב, אבל שימו לב שיש שם באמצע לינק לוויקיפדיה)"""
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, משבר, 1. הזדמנות, לידה |
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Eric Lerner
Field of reference: Physics
Description: If something is wrong, then it must be fixed. It provides motivation for collective effort.
"If there is something wrong, then it must be fixed. Such an outlook offers a hope of renewed progress. It asserts that scientific advance and technological development are not at an end, but could be starting a new period of explosive growth. It provides the motivation human beings need to join together in collective efforts rather than to fragment into self-cantered anarchy. It shows that the technology exists to eradicate want on earth and open the path outward into an infinite universe."
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, משבר, 1. הזדמנות, לידה |
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Dr. Pasi Sahlberg
Field of reference: Educational Sciences
Description: Crisis brings innovation and opportunity in education
"The Finnish story is particularly interesting because some of the key policies and changes were introduced during the worst economic crisis that Finland has experienced since World War II. It suggests that a crisis can spark the survival spirit that leads to better solutions to acute problems than a "normal situation" would."
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, משבר, 1. הזדמנות, לידה |
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