Dr. John M. Darley, Dr. Bibb Latané
Field of reference: Psychology
Description: The bystander effect shows how people will not help someone in need as long as others around them are also not helping
"The bystander effect or Genovese syndrome is a social psychological phenomenon that refers to cases where individuals do not offer any means of help in an emergency situation to the victim when other people are present. The probability of help has in the past been thought to be inversely related to the number of bystanders; in other words, the greater the number of bystanders, the less likely it is that any one of them will help. The mere presence of other bystanders greatly decreases intervention. This happens because as the number of bystanders increases, any given bystander is less likely to interpret the incident as a problem, and less likely to assume responsibility for taking action.[1]"
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| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, השפעת הסביבה, 4. תוצר הסביבה |
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Dr. Philip Zimbardo
Field of reference: Psychology
Description: The Stanford Prison Experiment showed how ordinary people become the role they play in a given environment.
“When the images of the abuse and torture in Abu Ghraib were revealed, immediately the military went on the defensive saying it’s a few bad apples. When we see people do bad things we assume they are bad people to begin with. But what we know in our study is: there are a set of social psychological variables that can make ordinary people do things they could never have imagined doing.”
“We frankly didn’t anticipate what was going to happen. We tried to really test the power of the environment to change and transform otherwise normal people. Much as Milgram had changed or transformed otherwise normal people in an obedient situation, we wanted to do it in a prison-like situation.”
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, השפעת הסביבה, 4. תוצר הסביבה |
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Dr. Nicholas Christakis, Dr. James Fowler
Field of reference: Sociology
Description: Social Network analysis reveals the profound impact of networks on all areas of life: health, marriage, economy, politics and more. Elaborate description: http://www.crossroadstimes.com/sociology/your-social-network-has-the-power-to-influence-what-you-think-want-feel-choose-and-eventually-do.htm
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, השפעת הסביבה, 4. תוצר הסביבה |
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Dr. John C. Turner, Dr. Penelope J. Oakes
Field of reference: Psychology
Description: Social identity is derived from social psychology and not individual
"It is concluded that the social identity concept represents a mechanism of social-psychological interaction and as such demonstrates that social psychology need not be an individualistic science."
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, השפעת הסביבה, 4. תוצר הסביבה |
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Wikipedia
Field of reference: Psychology
Description: Group influence on an individual
"Normative influence, a function of social impact theory, has three components.[10] The number of people in the group has a surprising effect. As the number increases, each person has less of an impact. A group's strength is how important the group is to a person. Groups we value generally have more social influence. Immediacy is how close the group is in time and space when the influence is taking place."
| שייך לנושאים: 1-13 - חינוך אינטגרלי, -מקורות מדעיים, השפעת הסביבה, 4. תוצר הסביבה |
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